Directions: |
Directions:•FOR THE BIGA: Combine flour, yeast, and water in medium bowl and stir with wooden spoon until uniform mass forms, about 1 minute. Cover bowl tightly with plastic wrap and let stand at room temperature (about 70 degrees) overnight (at least 8 hours and up to 24 hours).
•FOR THE DOUGH: Place biga and dough ingredients in bowl of stand mixer fitted with paddle attachment. Mix on lowest speed until roughly combined and shaggy dough forms, about 1 minute; scrape down sides of bowl as necessary. Continue mixing on medium-low speed until dough becomes uniform mass that collects on paddle and pulls away from sides of bowl, 4 to 6 minutes. Change to dough hook and knead bread on medium speed until smooth and shiny (dough will be very sticky), about 10 minutes. Transfer dough to large bowl and cover tightly with plastic wrap. Let dough rise at room temperature until doubled in volume, about 1 hour.
•Spray rubber spatula or bowl scraper with nonstick cooking spray; fold partially risen dough over itself by gently lifting and folding edge of dough toward middle. Turn bowl 90 degrees; fold again. Turn bowl and fold dough six more times (total of eight turns). Cover with plastic wrap and let rise for 30 minutes. Repeat folding, replace plastic wrap, and let rise until doubled in volume, about 30 minutes longer. Meanwhile, adjust oven rack to lower-middle position, place baking stone on rack, and heat oven to 450 degrees at least 30 minutes before baking.
•Cut two 12- by 6-inch pieces of parchment paper and liberally dust with flour. Transfer dough to liberally floured counter, being careful not to deflate completely. Following photos 6 through 9 above, liberally flour top of dough and divide in half. Turn 1 piece of dough so cut side is facing up and dust with flour. With well-floured hands, press dough into rough 12- by 6-inch shape. Fold shorter sides of dough toward center, overlapping them like business letter to form 7- by 4-inch loaf. Repeat with second dough piece. Gently transfer each loaf seam-side down to parchment sheets, dust with flour, and cover with plastic wrap. Let loaves sit at room temperature for 30 minutes (surfaces of loaves will develop small bubbles).
•Slide parchment with loaves onto inverted, rimmed baking sheet or pizza peel. Using floured fingertips, evenly poke entire surface of each loaf to form 10- by 6-inch rectangle; spray loaves lightly with water. Carefully slide parchment with loaves onto baking stone using jerking motion. Bake, spraying loaves with water twice more during first 5 minutes of baking time, until crust is deep golden brown and instant-read thermometer inserted into centers of loaves registers 210 degrees, 22 to 27 minutes. Transfer to wire rack, discard parchment, and cool loaves to room temperature, about 1 hour, before slicing and serving.
TECHNIQUE
•RIDDING BREAD OF OVERSIZED AIR HOLES
While developing our recipe for ciabatta, we kept encountering a vexing problem: loaves pitted with air holes so big, there was hardly any bread. Would adding a small amount of milk—a technique often used by commercial bakers—fix the problem?
EXPERIMENT
We replaced ¼ cup of water in the ciabatta dough with an equal amount of milk and compared the baked loaf to one prepared without milk.
RESULTS
The ciabatta with milk sported air pockets decidedly smaller than those in the no-milk loaf.
EXPLANATION
Milk contains a protein fragment called glutathione that slightly weakens gluten, the network of proteins that give bread its structure and chew. When the bonds in gluten weaken, more steam is able to escape from the dough, leading to smaller bubbles.
•TOO AIRY
The air holes in this bread are so big, there's almost no bread.
•SIMPLE SOLUTION
Adding milk helps keep the size of air pockets under control.
•Adding milk helps keep the size of air pockets under control.
TECHNIQUE
•HOW TO MAKE CIABATTA
MAKE BIGA Combine yeast with small amounts of flour and water; let rest overnight to build flavor.
MAKE DOUGH, KNEAD Add biga to remaining dough ingredients; knead in stand mixer.
LET RISE Allow dough to rise at room temperature until doubled, about 1 hour.
TURN 8 TIMES Turn partially risen dough by folding it in on itself to gently encourage more gluten development. Let rise 30 minutes.
REPEAT STEP 4 More turning and rising ensure a loaf with just enough lift.
DIVIDE DOUGH Transfer dough to floured surface and halve with bench scraper.
PRESS Press each half into rough 12- by 6-inch rectangle.
SHAPE Fold each dough half like business letter into 7- by 4-inch loaf and let rest 30 minutes.
PRESS, SPRAY, BAKE Press out dough into 10- by 6-inch rectangles, spray with water, and bake. |
This recipe for Ciabatta Bread is from